Because bipolar disorder emerges during young adulthood and persists throughout the lifespan, women of childbearing age are at risk for this illness. Pregnancy and delivery can influence the symptoms of bipolar disorder: pregnant women or new mothers with bipolar disorder have a sevenfold higher risk of hospital admission and a twofold higher risk for a recurrent episode, compared with those who have not recently delivered a child or are not pregnant.
Careful planning for pregnancy can help women with bipolar disorder optimally manage their illness to minimize their symptoms and avoid risks to the fetus. Experts suggest it is important to avoid sudden changes in medication during pregnancy, because such changes may increase side effects and risks to the fetus, and also increase the risk of relapse of the illness before or after the woman gives birth.
A review of research about various medications used in bipolar disorder led researchers to the following conclusions: Lithium and first-generation antipsychotics (e.g., Haldol, Thorazine) are preferred mood stabilizers because they consistently show minimal risks to the fetus. Some anticonvulsants (e.g., Depakote and Tegretol) have been proven harmful to fetuses, possibly contributing to birth defects. Studies show that exposure to only one mood stabilizing medication is less harmful to the developing fetus than exposure to multiple medications. Some details concerning specific medications are listed at the following website:
Managing Pregnancy and Bipolar Disorder (NAMI)
